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Most so-Called “Medieval Torture Devices” are fake actually made up by hoaxers, showmen, and con artists in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries
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Yes, there's evidence they were ever actually used. Mostly, they appear in funny drawings and early cartoons. Most likely, they were just a common joke of the time.
Which, if you think about it, makes perfect sense. A pair of handcuffs will irritate the skin to the point of open wounds, if worn for too long. Now, imagine a piece of metal that goes between your thighs. People were wearing that for months? Working in the fields, with that between their legs?
the history of chastity belts:
The earliest mentions of these belts were in the form of obvious jokes. They likely didn't exist in physical form until the 16th or 17th centuries. And, even then, they were created for display in "torture museums."
The chastity belt as we know it was most likely a 19th-century invention. "It seems to have been a part of the whole Gothic revival," says Lisa Bitel, a professor of history, gender and religion at the University of Southern California.
As industrialization swept across Europe, materials like iron and steel became more widely available. The majority of these metals were used to craft things like railroads and bridges. But some smiths found a slightly bawdier use for their skills.
"There was a certain branch of English manufacturers," Classen says, "who realized that there was a huge market on the continent and elsewhere for chastity belts." That market was museums and curiosity shows. The tight-laced Victorian crowd was willing to pay top dollar for a glimpse of any salacious Dark Age torture device, which were lovingly (and extravagantly) crafted to fit their notions of medieval barbarism. Thus, the chastity belt was forged.
While phony belts have since been removed from many museum displays, there are still a few collected in places like the British Museum in London. But they are now exhibited with caveats. For example, the British Museum's display reads:
"There is evidence for the existence of chastity belts from the beginning of the fifteenth century onwards...The evidence for their use in the Renaissance period, however, is largely anecdotal or in burlesque fiction."
The boring reality is that the most prolific torture devices are just what have lying in your garage. An old knife, tongs, some rope and maybe a coal stove if you wanted to be fancy.
Essentially all just black smithing tools, really. Which I'd guess was often what the torturer's full time job was. They’ll make you watch 30 episodes to get you invested and then destroy the TV right in front of you before the big reveal of which of his lovers murdered the father of Abby Langdonshire. You’ll tell them e v e r y t h i n g
Balthasar got excucuted in the Netherlands. Think we got the most different techniques all in 1 strike.
At his trial, Gérard was sentenced to be tortured and then executed, in a manner considered brutal even by the standards at the time. The magistrates decreed that the right hand of Gérard should be burned off with a red-hot iron, that his flesh should be torn from his bones with pincers in six different places, that he should be quartered and disemboweled alive, his heart torn from his bosom and flung in his face, and that, finally, his head should be taken off.[1] Gérard's torture was extraordinarily brutal. On the first night of his imprisonment, Gérard was hung on a pole and lashed with a whip. Next, his wounds were smeared with honey and a goat was brought to lick the honey off his skin with its rough tongue. The goat, however, refused to touch his body. After several other forms of torture, he was left to pass the night with his hands and feet bound together, like a ball, so sleep would be difficult. During the following three days, he was repeatedly mocked and hung on a pole with his hands tied behind his back. Then, a weight of 300 metric pounds (150 kg) was attached to each of his big toes for half an hour. Subsequently, Gérard was fitted with shoes made of well-oiled, uncured dog skin; the shoes were two fingers shorter than his feet. In this state, he was put before a fire. When the shoes warmed up, they contracted, crushing the feet inside them to stumps. When the shoes were removed, his half-broiled skin was torn off. After his feet were damaged, his armpits were branded. He was then dressed in a shirt soaked in alcohol. Lastly, burning bacon fat was poured over him and sharp nails were stuck between the flesh and the nails of his hands and feet. On 14 July, four days after the assassination, the sentence declared at the trial was carried out and Gérard was tortured and executed in the market square of Delft. His severed head was then displayed on a pike behind the Prinsenhof,[4] and his arms and legs displayed on four gates of the city
I somehow got down a rabbit hole of the executions in WW2, and learned about this. Being a hangman was viewed as an honourable position that took a certain character and countenance, a professional pursuit that required study and perfection of past methods to enact justice with precision. Their roles were executioners, not torturers, after all. As you said, these skills and philosophies were often passed down through the lineage. Albert Pierrepoint was one such man, who inherited the position from his father and uncle, and took his job seriously, considering it a "sacred" position to maintain the prisoners' dignity after the sentence had been cast and before being delivered to God. He is noted for criticizing the amateur manner of the Nuremberg trial executions performed by an inexperienced John Woods with the US military, which included poor rope work leading to strangulation instead of snapped necks, and poor positioning over the trap door leading to the prisoners hitting the sides and tearing their noses off. I can't help but wonder if the allies intended this, so that the axis prisoners didn't get away with a clean death, but who knows. Last thing to add for folks to consider, Pierrepont, who executed upwards of 600 people, did not view capital punishment as a deterrent, and even had to hang a regular of his pub who knew well what his profession was
Breaking on the wheel for instance. The exact process varied but basically they just beat your limbs to bits, wove them between the spokes of a big wheel before raising it up and leaving you hanging there. Depending on the crime they slit your throat (or ended it quickly in some other way) before or after breaking all your bones and displaying you. The worst criminals got no mercy kill and in some rare instances lived for days with their completely smashed limbs.
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